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(Music)

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Abby Tabor (Host): Hi, everybody!

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Welcome to another episode of NASA in Silicon
Valley Live.

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I am your host Abby Tabor and I have with
me here today a very special guest.

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I have Dr. Eugene Tu with me.

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He is the Center director for NASA's Ames
Research Center.

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Thank you for joining me.

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Dr. Eugene Tu: Thank you.

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Happy to be here.

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Host: I've heard a story that when you started
at Ames, you were just an intern.

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Is that right?

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Eugene: That is true.

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That is true.

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It's 33 years ago now.

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Host: Wow.

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Eugene: I was an undergraduate student and
was between my freshman and sophomore years.

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And I got an opportunity to come here and
intern.

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And have, pretty much, been here ever since.

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Host: Wow.

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No breaks?

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You went from intern to recent grad getting
a job?

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Eugene: Yes, I was given the opportunity to
be hired permanently once I finished my degree

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and then NASA funded me and supported me through
graduate school, as well.

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Graduate studies and I've been pretty much
with NASA ever since.

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I did do a short stint at NASA Headquarters
in the early 2000s, but pretty much as home

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grown to Ames as possible.

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Host: That's an awesome story.

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Just shows where you can go, starting from
an internship.

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Eugene: Yep.

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Host: So we are calling today's episode Meet
NASA in Silicon Valley because we haven't

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really formally introduced our center to the
Twitch audience.

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So I wanted to ask Eugene to give us a little
overview of what happens here at Ames, what

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we focus on.

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What are some of the things we're working
on?

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Eugene: So we are one of 10 NASA centers across
the country.

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We are a research center.

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So a lot of our products are research and
technology oriented.

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We work in science, we work in technology
and we work in engineering.

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One of the interesting things about Ames is
we are very cross cutting.

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We work in every area that NASA has, whether
it be aeronautics, technology, science or

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exploration.

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We have some very unique facilities here.

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We have the largest wind tunnel in the world
here.

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The test section of this wind tunnel is 80
feet by 100 feet.

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You can put a full-size commercial aeroplane
inside it.

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We have one of the most capable Arc-jet facilities.

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This is a plasma wind tunnel which simulates
entry conditions through the atmosphere when

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a spacecraft comes back into the atmosphere.

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There are very high heating rates.

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Host: So super hot, super fast.

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Eugene: Exactly.

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We have one of the most powerful supercomputers
in the world, where we do a lot of computational

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simulations and that's my own personal background,
I'm a computational fluid dynamicist.

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So I studied or I started studying here in
looking at modelling aerodynamics and aerothermal

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dynamics.

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And then we have some very unique simulation
facilities - human in the loop simulation

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facilities.

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We have a vertical motion simulator, which,
basically, is a simulator on a beam that can

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go up and down six stories.

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And so it really provides high fidelity motion.

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All the shuttle astronauts trained on this
facility.

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Host: What is that simulating?

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That's the spacecraft landing?

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Eugene: It can simulate aircraft, it can simulate
spacecraft, it could be very much a key part

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of studying lunar landings, for example, which
we will talk about in a little bit.

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It is one of the highest fidelity facilities
around in terms of simulating motion without

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actually having to fly.

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Host: OK.

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Eugene: And then one of our other key simulation
facilities is we have a 360 degree air traffic

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control simulator that airports have used
to look at how to place the towers or to move

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their control towers and look at the sight
lines of the airport.

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Host: I've been in there.

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It's really cool.

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You feel like you're looking out the window
of an aircraft control tower.

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Eugene: You do.

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Host: That's awesome.

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I like the broad portfolio or the array of
activities that we have at Ames.

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There's small satellites, right?

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Eugene: Yep.

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And autonomy and robotics, entry systems technologies.

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We're here in the heart of Silicon Valley,
and so we try to leverage our location here

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and partner with many of the companies around
here to bring high technology and innovation

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to NASA's missions.

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Host: I know a subject that will come up later
in the show is about drones.

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Eugene: Yes.

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Host: That is a big -

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Eugene: Well, that's a big area for aeronautics
now.

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We want to figure out how to integrate drones
into the national air space, so they can fly

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safely with piloted vehicles.

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You can imagine the future, there will be
both piloted vehicles and unpiloted vehicles,

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that really take advantage of the airspace.

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Whether it's transporting cargo or people
or monitoring agriculture or water resources.

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All the types of things that people can use
drones for these days we can help with that,

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if they can really be used in a less restrictive
way in the airspace.

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Host: Right.

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And we know there are going to be millions
of them -

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Eugene: Oh yes

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Host: coming, so we need a way to regulate
the traffic.

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Eugene: Yes, and do it in a safe way.

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Host: So, I know that's something we work
on a lot here.

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Is there something about the center that you
think is particularly cool?

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A factoid that you love to share?

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Eugene: Well, the things that's really cool
about the center is the people and the diversity

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of the people that we have here, coming from
all different fields, whether it be science

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or engineering, technology.

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The business fields, the marketing fields,
communications fields.

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And we, I think,, here at this center being
in Silicon Valley we try to bring that spirit

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of innovation and entrepreneurship to the
NASA mission.

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And so that is really probably one of the
coolest things about the center.

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Host: Yeah, I think that's true.

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We tend to get in early on concepts, research
that nobody else has thought to do yet.

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Eugene: Exactly.

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Host: We like to get in there early.

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Cool.

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So you seem to know a fair bit about the center.

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Eugene: A little bit.

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Host: But I wonder if you know the answers
to these questions?

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Eugene: OK.

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Host: It's quiz time.

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Are you up for trying a true or false quiz
with me?

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Eugene: Absolutely.

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Host: Let's learn more things about NASA in
Silicon Valley and NASA in general.

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True or false, Eugene?

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Ames was America's second aeronautical research
lab.

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Eugene: That is true.

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We are the second oldest NASA center.

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We were actually formed in 1939 before there
was a NASA.

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NASA was formed in 1958.

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So we are one of the original four N-A-C-A
centers - that's National Advisory Committee

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on Aeronautics.

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And so much of our roots is back in the days
of aeronautics.

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Host: That's right.

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I got scolded once for calling that "the knacka"
before.

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Eugene: No.

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Host: No.

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N-A-C-A, before it was NASA.

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Exactly.

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Cool.

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So that history goes way back.

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Now, more recently, true or false?

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Did we once slam an object into the moon for
science?

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Eugene: Well, that is a technical term, right?

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Host: Exactly.

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Eugene: It is true.

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Back in 2009, this was the LCROSS mission
and it was actually a very innovative idea.

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We basically flew with LRO, which is the Lunar
Reconnaissance Orbiter, which is orbiting

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the moon and mapping the moon.

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We took the second stage of that rocket and
basically slammed into it the moon, the southern

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pole region near a crater and basically we're
looking for the evidence of water ice.

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And so what happened was, we took another
spacecraft the separated from that second

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stage and followed it in and basically once
that first stage or that second stage hit,

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it basically threw up a lot of material, the
second vehicle came in and about six minutes

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of taking measurements before it also hit
the moon and relayed that information back

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to us and to our scientists.

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Host: Sent the data back just before itself
crashed?

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Eugene: Just before it also crashed.

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Host: Wow!

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Awesome.

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Eugene: So, it was a way and we confirmed
that there is evidence of water ice trapped

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in the permanently shadowed crater regions
of the moon.

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Host: That is so cool.

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And permanently shadowed, right?

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They never see light?

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Eugene: Yes.

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They never see light.

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Host: Neat.

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Awesome.

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Alright, moving on.

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So far so good.

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Question 3.

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Our planet-hunting Kepler space telescope
has identified more than 2500 planets to date.

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Eugene: Well…that's partially true.

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It's actually closer to 4,000 now.

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Host: Is it really?

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Eugene: 4,000 confirmed planets.

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Host: Confirmed planets?

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Not just candidates that might possibly be?

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Eugene: Right.

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And more interestingly, dozens of planets
that might be in the habitable zone.

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This is the zone where temperature…

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We're looking for the Goldilocks - not too
hot or cold, where liquid water could exist

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in that temperature range.

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And we think that's a key ingredient for the
possibility of life.

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So we're looking for how many planets there
are.

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Even though that number may seem small, 30
or so right now, confirmed, we're only looking

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at a very small portion of the galaxy.

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And so, if you really expand that out, there
an unestimated amounts of planets out there

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that could support life.

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Host: And those could be targets for us to
look at a little more closely some day?

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Eugene: Exactly.

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And with some of the telescopes including
JWST, that's going to be launched soon -

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Host: The James Webb Space Telescope?

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Eugene: We will be studying those planets
to see what other evidence that they could

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support life we might be able to detect.

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Host: So cool.

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I love Kepler because even if you don't understand
the physics of the spacecraft or the engineering

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- it's discovering new worlds!

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Eugene: It is.

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Host: So much possibility there.

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It's exciting.

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Question 4 - we have free flying Star Trek-inspired
robots helping astronauts perform experiments

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aboard the International Space Station?

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Eugene: Well, I'm going to have to say false
on that one, but only a portion of it.

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We do have free flying robots…

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Host: We do!

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Eugene: …and of course, Star Trek has inspired
a lot of things, when you think of things

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like cell phones and communicators and tricorders.

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But this one was inspired by Star Wars.

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Host: Yes!

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Eugene: I think it was a lightsabre training
drone in what's now Episode 4, it will always

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be the first episode to me, because I grew
up in that time.

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That was the inspiration for basically a robotic
assistant, that can be floating inside the

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Space Station or any space craft and be moving
around, be taking data, be taking video, be

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helping the crew do tasks.

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And also be doing other more mundane tasks
like inventory control of everything that's

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in it.

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You'd be surprised how many things get misplaced
on the Space Station when you're in zero G

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or microgravity.

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Things just kind of float away and into little
crevices.

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So being able to find those and identify those
is a pretty significant task for the crew.

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Host: I didn't realize that was a problem.

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Is this the SPHERES robot?

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Eugene: There's a SPHERES and we're doing
subsequent follow-on called Astrobee, which

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is going to have more smarts in it and be
able to do more things as a robotic assistant.

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Host: I've heard those names.

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I think people can find videos on those.

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Eugene: Yes.

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Host: So Star Wars, not Star Trek.

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Eugene: In that case.

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Host: I thought I might trip you up there.

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Last question.

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What do the stars in the NASA insignia or,
as we call it, the "meatball" represent?

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Eugene: Well, first of all, it's not a true
or false question.

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Host: True.

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Eugene: But it is - it represents space.

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And the other portions of the meatball - the
red symbol there represents aeronautics.

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Host: Yeah, that little swooshy symbol.

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Eugene: So that's what's in the meatball.

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Host: Exactly.

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Because it's representing space, we are America's
space agency but also a lot more, with the

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aeronautics components and the other science
that we do.

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So today was actually an important day at
NASA.

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Eugene: Yes.

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Host: We had the State of NASA address from
acting NASA Administrator Robert Lightfoot.

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So could you tell us a little bit about what
we learned today?

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What you took away from that?

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Eugene: Yes.

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Today was the release of the President's budget
for Fiscal Year 19.

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So, as part of that, acting Administrator
Lightfoot gave a briefing on the state of

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NASA and also what's held in this proposed
budget that the President has released.

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It's a good budget for NASA.

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It increases NASA's budget over the current
year by about $400 million.

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There's a significant focus on lunar exploration,
including eventually returning humans to the

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moon but starting out with robotic exploration.

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Quite a bit of emphasis on doing this in partnership.

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Partnership with other international entities,
but also partnership with the commercial and

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the private sector.

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So, it's a very, very exciting time for us.

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Here at Ames we have a lot that we can contribute
to this area.

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We have lunar science capabilities here.

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We run one of the virtual institutes within
the Agency that focuses on planetary science,

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including lunar science.

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Also, we also have small missions that we
have been proposing and looking at, three

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of the last five missions to the moon from
the US were Ames-run.

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Host: That's really impressive.

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Eugene: And we have another one coming up
called Resource Prospector that we're proposing.

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And then the third area is the commercial
and partnership areas that we focus on here

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and so we have a lot to contribute here.

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We're very excited about this budget.

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Host: Great!

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So we're well suited for this budget.

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Eugene: Absolutely.

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Host: Awesome, cool!

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So that was a good start to the day.

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And then this is also a special day here because
we had 12 special visitors.

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We had a dozen social media followers of NASA
-

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(Offscreen sounds of party horns blowing)

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(Laughter)

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Host: And they're here in the studio and we're
going to be bringing them up to talk to us

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about what they got to see and do today.

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Let's run through the activities that they
got to see.

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Eugene: OK.

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Host: To tell our audience what's coming up.

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Eugene: OK.

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Host: So we have some videos to show while
we describe what they got to see.

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So why don't you tell us - there was a talk
about the lunar rover mission.

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Eugene: We talked about LCROSS earlier which
basically identified the existence of water

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ice on the moon.

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We now are interested in how much.

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Because whether or not we can actually get
to that water ice and turn it into resources

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is a big question.

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So that's Resource Prospector.

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Then we have the lunar landing facility or
lunar surface lab facility where they got

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a look at how we could test rovers out.

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I think we have over eight tons of simulated
lunar dirt in there.

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So they have the ability to see how the rovers
might function in such an environment.

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Host: Right.

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Exactly.

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Because the lighting is different and the
manoeuvring of the robot on the surface is

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going to depend on that.

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So those were their first two stops of the
day and they did some hands-on activities

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with our experts here.

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Could you tell us about those four?

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Eugene: Yes, we have a Fruit Fly Lab, where
we basically fly fruit flies on Station to

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test their reaction and their response to
microgravity environments.

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So they had an opportunity, I believe, to
count fruit flies, male and female fruit flies.

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Then we had the Airspace Operations Lab, where
they had the ability to look at how we test

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unmanned aerial vehicles, or UAS's.

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Drones, if you will, in the various test sites.

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And then, we also had a Fatigue Countermeasures
Lab that they took a look at.

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This really started with aviation, when we
were looking at pilots and long haul flights

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and their fatigue issues, but it's a big issue
for space flight, too.

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So that was that activity.

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And then I think what we're looking at here
is the Human Vibration Lab, where they looked

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at, basically during a launch environment,
could you read the displays under high vibration

316
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and we've figured out that you can synchronise
the displays so they can read it.

317
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And then, finally, the Vertical Motion Simulator
which I talked about earlier, a six-story-tall

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facility, that can basically, can simulate
aircraft, rotorcraft or helicopters, and also,

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lunar landers, for example.

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Host: So cool.

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Wow.

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That's an awesome overview of the center and
the fact they got to go and do these things

323
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themselves, I'm pretty jealous.

324
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I only got to go on one.

325
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Eugene: Well, maybe next time we'll get you
on all of them.

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Host: Thank you so much for giving this overview
of the center.

327
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Eugene: My pleasure.

328
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Host: And giving us a little time.

329
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We look forward to having you back some day
to tell us more.

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Eugene: I look forward to it.

331
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Host: Thank you for being here.

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(Offscreen sounds of party horns blowing)

333
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Host: They're coming.

334
00:16:12,500 --> 00:16:15,069
We're going to bring out our NASA social guests.

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So I'll ask you to switch places with them.

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Eugene: Alright.

337
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Host: And in the meantime, if you're just
joining us, this is another episode of NASA

338
00:16:24,829 --> 00:16:29,649
in Silicon Valley Live and today we're talking
about our NASA social event.

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If you have any comments to make about what
you're seeing, that these guys got to try

340
00:16:33,350 --> 00:16:36,870
out today or if you have any questions about
their experience, leave them in the Twitch

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chat and we will see if we can squeeze in
some of those.

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And here they come.

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(Offscreen sounds of party horns blowing)

344
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>> Come on out, Team Fruit Fly.

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Welcome.

346
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Jerome: Thank you.

347
00:16:50,780 --> 00:16:52,350
Host: This is my team.

348
00:16:52,350 --> 00:16:56,430
I got to go on the fruit fly lab experience
today.

349
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So thanks for coming out here, guys.

350
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And let's do a quick little intro.

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00:17:00,830 --> 00:17:07,210
Could you tell me your first name and if you
had to choose - moonwalk or spacewalk?

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00:17:07,210 --> 00:17:14,000
Jerome: I'm Jerome and if I had to pick I
think I would go with the moonwalk because

353
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who else gets to do that but astronauts and
that's a pretty limited number of people that

354
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had that kind of opportunity.

355
00:17:19,940 --> 00:17:21,040
That would be pretty cool.

356
00:17:21,040 --> 00:17:24,980
Not that anyone's done spacewalks here in
this room, either, but -

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Host: One might argue the same for spacewalks
but I could also go with moonwalk.

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Jerome: It would be fun.

359
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Host: It would be fun.

360
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Moving down the line -

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Gaby: Hi.

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I'm Gaby, I would also, I think, do a moonwalk.

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00:17:35,870 --> 00:17:36,870
I don't have a reason.

364
00:17:36,870 --> 00:17:38,510
I don't think I need one.

365
00:17:38,510 --> 00:17:40,790
It's a moonwalk.

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Host: It's kind of self-explanatory.

367
00:17:43,120 --> 00:17:44,120
Nice.

368
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Anda: Hi.

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I'm Anda and I'd also go with moonwalk because
it is less scary.

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Host: Less scary?

371
00:17:51,310 --> 00:17:52,710
Anda: Yeah.

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Spacewalk is -

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Host: You might float off into oblivion?

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Anda: Exactly.

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Host: I want to run on the moon because the
gravity is lower.

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Jerome: Big jumps.

377
00:18:01,570 --> 00:18:02,570
Host: Big bouncing jumps.

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Anda: Just for some exercise.

379
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Host: That's my reason.

380
00:18:06,730 --> 00:18:11,590
So you guys got to visit the fruit fly lab
and I think we're going to roll that video

381
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again and I'll give a little background on
why NASA does fruit fly experiments.

382
00:18:17,020 --> 00:18:20,730
These are experiments we do on the International
Space Station that teach us something about

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the biological effects of space flight on
humans, on the human body.

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So, in the activity, our guests performed
the actual steps that scientists here do for

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preparing experimental fruit fly samples for
launch to the Space Station and then they

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00:18:35,030 --> 00:18:39,400
practiced some of the post-flight tests that
the scientists perform on those samples when

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they come back to Earth.

388
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So, tell us more.

389
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What did you do today?

390
00:18:44,580 --> 00:18:50,190
Jerome: So one of the neat opportunities that
we have as social media guests here during

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00:18:50,190 --> 00:18:54,460
this event, the State of NASA, is we that
were exposed so many different processes and

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people that do fantastic work, and fascinating
work, in many different disciplines from their

393
00:19:00,480 --> 00:19:02,510
fields.

394
00:19:02,510 --> 00:19:08,020
Part of the biology testing and the fruit
fly experiments that are done on the Space

395
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Station involves a lot of simulation that
can be done on fruit flies that live five

396
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to eight weeks but have very similar genetic
make-up of humans and can be very useful in

397
00:19:21,350 --> 00:19:27,960
determining various behaviours or disease-fighting
techniques or how they cope with bacteria,

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00:19:27,960 --> 00:19:29,780
infections and things like that.

399
00:19:29,780 --> 00:19:34,430
It's fascinating to see how all of the team
works on that.

400
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The scientists and the technicians and the
process that goes into that and putting them

401
00:19:39,770 --> 00:19:45,920
on various flights that go up to the Space
Station and the handling and all of that logic

402
00:19:45,920 --> 00:19:50,310
is - and strategy and all of that is fascinating
to see.

403
00:19:50,310 --> 00:19:53,720
And the people are so excited about working
on those projects, it's really interesting

404
00:19:53,720 --> 00:19:57,180
Host: You can see that and it's a complex
endeavor for sure.

405
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Jerome: It really is.

406
00:19:58,180 --> 00:20:01,510
Host: All those people involved in getting
things from here to Kennedy Space Center.

407
00:20:01,510 --> 00:20:02,820
Launched to the Space station.

408
00:20:02,820 --> 00:20:03,840
It's fascinating.

409
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Jerome: And they're very tiny and difficult
to manipulate.

410
00:20:06,870 --> 00:20:07,870
Host: Yes.

411
00:20:07,870 --> 00:20:09,630
Did you have that experience yourself?

412
00:20:09,630 --> 00:20:10,630
You were sorting flies, weren't you?

413
00:20:10,630 --> 00:20:11,630
Gaby: Yeah, we like sorted between male and
female.

414
00:20:11,630 --> 00:20:18,890
They have discerning features and we learned
about that.

415
00:20:18,890 --> 00:20:21,010
Just something that I've never thought about.

416
00:20:21,010 --> 00:20:22,010
Host: Right.

417
00:20:22,010 --> 00:20:27,300
Gaby: So it was fascinating to learn about
something you really have never given much

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00:20:27,300 --> 00:20:28,300
thought to.

419
00:20:28,300 --> 00:20:29,300
Host: Yeah.

420
00:20:29,300 --> 00:20:30,300
Exactly.

421
00:20:30,300 --> 00:20:35,700
I think we have some photos that we could
throw up soon here of you guys sorting flies

422
00:20:35,700 --> 00:20:38,050
and performing some of these tests.

423
00:20:38,050 --> 00:20:43,590
And while they call that up, how did you find
sorting flies or the fly climbing test that

424
00:20:43,590 --> 00:20:44,590
we did?

425
00:20:44,590 --> 00:20:46,610
Anda: Sorting flies is quite difficult.

426
00:20:46,610 --> 00:20:52,620
I mean, your eyes are really hurting after
a while looking through the microscope.

427
00:20:52,620 --> 00:20:56,990
Host: Here is a vial of flies we're seeing
right now.

428
00:20:56,990 --> 00:20:58,390
Was this a video one of you took?

429
00:20:58,390 --> 00:20:59,570
Jerome: I think it is.

430
00:20:59,570 --> 00:21:00,750
Host: Is that you, Jerome?

431
00:21:00,750 --> 00:21:01,750
I think so.

432
00:21:01,750 --> 00:21:03,440
So you can see the little flies crawling around
in there.

433
00:21:03,440 --> 00:21:07,470
Jerome: And what's fascinating is that we
only dealt with a dozen flies at one time

434
00:21:07,470 --> 00:21:11,880
and what we were seeing were vials that had,
I don't know, thousands of flies.

435
00:21:11,880 --> 00:21:17,260
It was a sheer effort for sure that those
technicians to go through to separate and

436
00:21:17,260 --> 00:21:22,930
coordinate the payloads and if there's a delay
in one of the launches, they were explaining

437
00:21:22,930 --> 00:21:31,390
to us how they would have to substitute in
various, I don't know, boxes of vials and

438
00:21:31,390 --> 00:21:37,430
it was just a real interesting breakdown of
the strategy and the effort of support staff

439
00:21:37,430 --> 00:21:43,430
and all of it that goes into putting these
experiments up on the Space Station.

440
00:21:43,430 --> 00:21:44,510
It's fascinating.

441
00:21:44,510 --> 00:21:47,850
Host: OK, here you are, Gaby.

442
00:21:47,850 --> 00:21:48,940
Gaby: That's how I felt.

443
00:21:48,940 --> 00:21:50,580
It was like so amazing.

444
00:21:50,580 --> 00:21:53,360
Host: You look happy there to be working with
flies.

445
00:21:53,360 --> 00:21:57,330
Gaby: I never thought I would have that big
of a smile on my face.

446
00:21:57,330 --> 00:21:59,370
Host: Looking at fruit flies.

447
00:21:59,370 --> 00:22:03,020
Can you describe a little while when they
were running around in the vial.

448
00:22:03,020 --> 00:22:04,020
There were so many of them.

449
00:22:04,020 --> 00:22:10,030
Gaby: What's incredible is we did these tests
that compared different age groups so old

450
00:22:10,030 --> 00:22:14,120
flies versus new flies and you would slam
them down on the counter so they could all

451
00:22:14,120 --> 00:22:19,390
start on the bottom level and we would time
how fast it took for them to rise above, I

452
00:22:19,390 --> 00:22:22,580
think it was 5 centimeters.

453
00:22:22,580 --> 00:22:28,520
And there was a difference or there's supposed
to be a difference between the old and the

454
00:22:28,520 --> 00:22:29,520
new.

455
00:22:29,520 --> 00:22:30,840
Jerome: Activity behavior.

456
00:22:30,840 --> 00:22:37,230
Gaby: And they're also testing that when they
get back from space, if that's altered at

457
00:22:37,230 --> 00:22:38,230
all.

458
00:22:38,230 --> 00:22:44,430
If the time it takes for them to get to the
top of the vial is slower in any way.

459
00:22:44,430 --> 00:22:51,040
Host: Do you remember the fun fact they wanted
us to take away about the number of genes

460
00:22:51,040 --> 00:22:54,310
involved in diseases that flies share with
humans?

461
00:22:54,310 --> 00:22:55,670
Group: Isn't it 75%?

462
00:22:55,670 --> 00:22:56,670
Host: Yeah.

463
00:22:56,670 --> 00:22:57,670
Gaby: It's incredible

464
00:22:57,670 --> 00:23:03,200
Host: That's why we're doing all of this research
because we can find out much faster with flies

465
00:23:03,200 --> 00:23:04,200
in space.

466
00:23:04,200 --> 00:23:06,440
Anda: And actually the heartbeat, which is
the same.

467
00:23:06,440 --> 00:23:09,390
Host: The heartbeat, yeah, right, exactly.

468
00:23:09,390 --> 00:23:10,730
It is the same.

469
00:23:10,730 --> 00:23:14,860
Did they say it was about 60 beats per minute
for flies as well as humans, right?

470
00:23:14,860 --> 00:23:16,270
Anda: Yeah, 60 to 80.

471
00:23:16,270 --> 00:23:18,400
Something like that.

472
00:23:18,400 --> 00:23:21,240
Just like the humans anyway.

473
00:23:21,240 --> 00:23:26,640
Host: So the flies are good stand-ins for
humans and because they have a shorter life

474
00:23:26,640 --> 00:23:30,890
span we can see aging and the effects of a
long time in space faster, right?

475
00:23:30,890 --> 00:23:31,890
Anda: Yeah.

476
00:23:31,890 --> 00:23:38,510
Jermoe: One of the fascinating elements is
the generations that are created are two weeks

477
00:23:38,510 --> 00:23:39,510
in duration.

478
00:23:39,510 --> 00:23:43,980
So that's perfect because, SpaceX Dragon is
up there for 30 days and so they can do this

479
00:23:43,980 --> 00:23:49,130
experiment, have multiple generations take
place during the experiments and bring it

480
00:23:49,130 --> 00:23:52,070
back for a lot of the analysis there in the
lab.

481
00:23:52,070 --> 00:23:53,661
It was just very cool.

482
00:23:53,661 --> 00:23:59,960
And because they share so many features that
are similar to our human genome make-up, it's

483
00:23:59,960 --> 00:24:09,520
truly a masterful, you know, component to
learning about how humans work in our physiology

484
00:24:09,520 --> 00:24:10,590
and all of that.

485
00:24:10,590 --> 00:24:13,250
Fruit flies are truly remarkable.

486
00:24:13,250 --> 00:24:19,340
As well as mice are also an incredible device
to use, if you will, for learning about what

487
00:24:19,340 --> 00:24:20,570
we do and how we behave.

488
00:24:20,570 --> 00:24:22,360
(Offscreen sounds of party horns blowing)

489
00:24:22,360 --> 00:24:23,360
Host: Incredible.

490
00:24:23,360 --> 00:24:27,590
I think we're being told that the next group
is excited to come up here.

491
00:24:27,590 --> 00:24:34,650
So I will ask you to return to the peanut
gallery and we will see you later.

492
00:24:34,650 --> 00:24:36,970
And we're going to bring up Team Drone.

493
00:24:36,970 --> 00:24:41,220
Thanks for sharing your experience.

494
00:24:41,220 --> 00:24:44,620
[Whistles blow, horns sound.

495
00:24:44,620 --> 00:24:45,620
Whoo-whoo!]

496
00:24:45,620 --> 00:24:48,800
Host: I wanted to check in with the Twitch
chat.

497
00:24:48,800 --> 00:24:53,210
If you are just joining us, this is NASA in
Silicon Valley Live and we're talking about

498
00:24:53,210 --> 00:24:56,000
the NASA social that we're hosting here at
Ames.

499
00:24:56,000 --> 00:24:58,260
And before Team Drone joins us…

500
00:24:58,260 --> 00:25:00,830
(Offscreen sounds of party horns blowing)

501
00:25:00,830 --> 00:25:05,770
Host: …I just want to share a couple of
comments from the Twitch chat.

502
00:25:05,770 --> 00:25:07,480
There was a vote for the moonwalk.

503
00:25:07,480 --> 00:25:09,920
We were debating moonwalk or spacewalk.

504
00:25:09,920 --> 00:25:10,990
We all went for moonwalk.

505
00:25:10,990 --> 00:25:12,780
So did somebody from the chat.

506
00:25:12,780 --> 00:25:17,730
We also have a comment - how weird sharing
that time flies like an arrow and fruit flies

507
00:25:17,730 --> 00:25:20,030
like a banana.

508
00:25:20,030 --> 00:25:21,050
Very appropriate.

509
00:25:21,050 --> 00:25:25,620
And The Suspicious Pixel wants to know if
there are any fly handler jobs available.

510
00:25:25,620 --> 00:25:33,190
You can look for jobs on USA Jobs and intern.NASA.gov
to look for NASA jobs.

511
00:25:33,190 --> 00:25:36,800
But we did ask the scientists how they got
into working on fruit flies for space and

512
00:25:36,800 --> 00:25:40,460
they all came from biology backgrounds and
happen to be space nerds.

513
00:25:40,460 --> 00:25:44,230
So , when they found a chance to use their
science for space, they took it.

514
00:25:44,230 --> 00:25:45,890
Welcome, guys.

515
00:25:45,890 --> 00:25:48,680
You guys are Team Drone.

516
00:25:48,680 --> 00:25:49,700
Tell us more.

517
00:25:49,700 --> 00:25:53,290
Well, first of all, let's do a quick round
of introductions.

518
00:25:53,290 --> 00:25:55,860
I don't know your names, we didn't get a chance
to meet earlier.

519
00:25:55,860 --> 00:25:59,290
So tell us your name and your favorite planet.

520
00:25:59,290 --> 00:26:06,770
James: James and, oh, I will get in so much
trouble if I say Pluto.

521
00:26:06,770 --> 00:26:07,770
Probably Mars.

522
00:26:07,770 --> 00:26:08,770
Host: Mars.

523
00:26:08,770 --> 00:26:09,770
Okay.

524
00:26:09,770 --> 00:26:10,770
All right.

525
00:26:10,770 --> 00:26:15,070
Jason: I'm Jason and I am going to put in
a word for a planet that doesn't get enough

526
00:26:15,070 --> 00:26:16,090
love, Venus.

527
00:26:16,090 --> 00:26:18,140
Host: Venus, interesting choice.

528
00:26:18,140 --> 00:26:19,450
Is there a specific reason?

529
00:26:19,450 --> 00:26:23,300
Jason: I really like some of the concepts
that are coming out for Venus exploration

530
00:26:23,300 --> 00:26:27,760
and I know there's a lot of work going into
finding computers that can last for more than

531
00:26:27,760 --> 00:26:30,830
five seconds on the surface of Venus right
now at NASA.

532
00:26:30,830 --> 00:26:35,800
I think it would be great to go back to Venus
with some probes in the future.

533
00:26:35,800 --> 00:26:37,260
There's a lot to learn there.

534
00:26:37,260 --> 00:26:38,620
Host: Nice vote for Venus.

535
00:26:38,620 --> 00:26:40,220
What's your name?

536
00:26:40,220 --> 00:26:41,290
Casey: Hi.

537
00:26:41,290 --> 00:26:42,360
I'm Casey.

538
00:26:42,360 --> 00:26:44,520
Favorite planet is going to have to be Earth,
we kind of live here.

539
00:26:44,520 --> 00:26:46,230
We have to show Earth some love.

540
00:26:46,230 --> 00:26:51,760
Host: I was hoping someone would vote for
Earth.

541
00:26:51,760 --> 00:26:52,760
Nice.

542
00:26:52,760 --> 00:26:57,380
So to get into the subject of where you guys
spent your afternoon, we have the footage

543
00:26:57,380 --> 00:27:00,960
to roll again from the Airspace Operations
Lab.

544
00:27:00,960 --> 00:27:05,450
So NASA is helping to develop an air traffic
management system for drones that will make

545
00:27:05,450 --> 00:27:10,290
sure that they can operate safely, these unmanned
vehicles, in low altitude airspace.

546
00:27:10,290 --> 00:27:16,170
So, in this activity, our guests operated
virtual drones in a simulated environment

547
00:27:16,170 --> 00:27:20,760
and they learned about the advanced technologies
and software tools being tested by researchers

548
00:27:20,760 --> 00:27:21,760
today.

549
00:27:21,760 --> 00:27:23,150
So tell us about this.

550
00:27:23,150 --> 00:27:25,230
You mentioned earlier you're a pilot in training.

551
00:27:25,230 --> 00:27:26,230
James: Yeah.

552
00:27:26,230 --> 00:27:30,620
I'm actually first year at San Jose State
and I'm working on my private pilot's license

553
00:27:30,620 --> 00:27:31,620
right now.

554
00:27:31,620 --> 00:27:36,370
So it's actually kind of interesting to see
because I'm from a family of pilots or I guess

555
00:27:36,370 --> 00:27:40,140
we all have an aviation background.

556
00:27:40,140 --> 00:27:46,250
We've always had, like, not a fear but, you
know, how dangerous bird strikes are - just

557
00:27:46,250 --> 00:27:51,230
a couple pound bird, imagine an 8-pound piece
of metal getting sucked into an engine, so

558
00:27:51,230 --> 00:27:56,770
it's really cool to see the people here working
on a system to prevent accidents like that

559
00:27:56,770 --> 00:27:59,500
and setting the standards for the future of
drones.

560
00:27:59,500 --> 00:28:00,660
Host: Awesome.

561
00:28:00,660 --> 00:28:01,820
Well said.

562
00:28:01,820 --> 00:28:05,870
Do you have an interest in aviation that brought
you here today?

563
00:28:05,870 --> 00:28:08,640
Jason: I thought we were randomly selected.

564
00:28:08,640 --> 00:28:10,960
My dad was actually a private pilot.

565
00:28:10,960 --> 00:28:16,030
I was really interested in it from the tech
side, how they're building the system rather

566
00:28:16,030 --> 00:28:22,200
than having sort of a single database run
by the FAA that would be the central place

567
00:28:22,200 --> 00:28:23,400
for everything.

568
00:28:23,400 --> 00:28:27,430
They're working with industry, they're working
with different companies that have expressed

569
00:28:27,430 --> 00:28:32,330
interest in parts of this, whether it's running
a service or building drones themselves or

570
00:28:32,330 --> 00:28:37,150
providing data to it and then having them
all talk to each other.

571
00:28:37,150 --> 00:28:41,260
Which is an interesting technical problem,
sort of setting the standard and how do you

572
00:28:41,260 --> 00:28:45,910
put up your hand as a drone operator and say
"I would like to fly here please" and what

573
00:28:45,910 --> 00:28:47,100
happens after that?

574
00:28:47,100 --> 00:28:48,510
Like, what's the space?

575
00:28:48,510 --> 00:28:49,510
What's the altitude?

576
00:28:49,510 --> 00:28:52,270
How long does it last so that nothing crashes
into you.

577
00:28:52,270 --> 00:28:54,400
Host: It's super complicated, like everything.

578
00:28:54,400 --> 00:28:58,000
Jason: Don't crash your drone into other drones
- it's very important.

579
00:28:58,000 --> 00:28:59,690
Host: That is to be avoided.

580
00:28:59,690 --> 00:29:04,690
But it will take NASA and industry and the
FAA working together and creating new software

581
00:29:04,690 --> 00:29:06,540
to make all that happen, right?

582
00:29:06,540 --> 00:29:08,160
There's just too much going on.

583
00:29:08,160 --> 00:29:11,940
Jason: If they have them all sorted out by
flying their drones around until they crash

584
00:29:11,940 --> 00:29:14,530
into each other seems like a bad idea, perhaps.

585
00:29:14,530 --> 00:29:18,890
Lay some groundwork there, so that the drone…
and all the people involved in this, they

586
00:29:18,890 --> 00:29:19,890
want to do this too.

587
00:29:19,890 --> 00:29:24,900
And so it sounds like NASA and the FAA are
working together to create that shared space

588
00:29:24,900 --> 00:29:28,820
for all these groups to get together and figure
out a system that makes sense.

589
00:29:28,820 --> 00:29:30,960
James: That's true.

590
00:29:30,960 --> 00:29:35,590
They were talking about how companies are
basically signing on to this idea of having

591
00:29:35,590 --> 00:29:38,140
their own network to communicate with these
drones.

592
00:29:38,140 --> 00:29:43,630
So it's not that you're putting on the head
set and talking to an air traffic controller.

593
00:29:43,630 --> 00:29:49,350
It's that these companies have designated
areas that they've selected, a time and space

594
00:29:49,350 --> 00:29:54,110
they will be operating their drones in and
that they are all on the system and agreeing

595
00:29:54,110 --> 00:29:57,990
and picking out, OK, you can have this space
but I'm going to take this space.

596
00:29:57,990 --> 00:29:58,990
Host: Okay.

597
00:29:58,990 --> 00:29:59,990
Working it out.

598
00:29:59,990 --> 00:30:00,990
Casey, can you tell us what you did?

599
00:30:00,990 --> 00:30:03,600
What did you get to try out in this activity?

600
00:30:03,600 --> 00:30:09,010
Casey: We actually got to use the system called
Max and we were able to set up our own drone

601
00:30:09,010 --> 00:30:10,010
flight paths.

602
00:30:10,010 --> 00:30:11,010
Host: Cool.

603
00:30:11,010 --> 00:30:12,780
Casey: So we all got a different situation.

604
00:30:12,780 --> 00:30:19,320
There was one where we're simulating a drop
of supplies to somebody who was attacked by

605
00:30:19,320 --> 00:30:20,780
an alligator in Florida.

606
00:30:20,780 --> 00:30:22,680
Host: (Laughing) That could happen!

607
00:30:22,680 --> 00:30:23,680
Casey: Exactly.

608
00:30:23,680 --> 00:30:24,680
You never know.

609
00:30:24,680 --> 00:30:31,570
Another one was checking a boat dock for any
type of activity or barnacles or just anything

610
00:30:31,570 --> 00:30:34,350
that can happen on the dock.

611
00:30:34,350 --> 00:30:40,630
So it's understanding what this technology
can do for industry, not just for private

612
00:30:40,630 --> 00:30:47,970
industry but for public industry, such as
analysing areas where there is crime and taking

613
00:30:47,970 --> 00:30:53,321
pictures or going to an area where there's
a fire and being able to determine, OK, what's

614
00:30:53,321 --> 00:30:55,960
the best way to attack this fire to put it
out.

615
00:30:55,960 --> 00:30:56,960
Host: Right.

616
00:30:56,960 --> 00:31:00,240
Maybe in buildings or maybe like wildfires
that have been happening all over California.

617
00:31:00,240 --> 00:31:01,240
Casey: Exactly.

618
00:31:01,240 --> 00:31:04,070
Jason: And being able to block out people
you don't want in.

619
00:31:04,070 --> 00:31:07,660
Like, if the fire department needs to rush
to a fire, that they can actually override,

620
00:31:07,660 --> 00:31:11,140
in an area and say "We need you, if you're
a drone, you need to get our of this area

621
00:31:11,140 --> 00:31:13,480
now while we fly over there."

622
00:31:13,480 --> 00:31:14,480
Host: Right.

623
00:31:14,480 --> 00:31:15,810
That's an interesting point.

624
00:31:15,810 --> 00:31:20,970
I think we have some social posts, if they
are ready to be brought up.

625
00:31:20,970 --> 00:31:22,390
Jason: That's us.

626
00:31:22,390 --> 00:31:24,920
Host: So, this is you guys?

627
00:31:24,920 --> 00:31:27,290
So this is the Airspace Operations Lab?

628
00:31:27,290 --> 00:31:29,691
Can you tell me what you got to see there
on the screens there?

629
00:31:29,691 --> 00:31:31,200
What's behind there?

630
00:31:31,200 --> 00:31:38,400
James: So basically there were three kind
of large monitors.

631
00:31:38,400 --> 00:31:44,940
They both showed different areas in which
the drones kind of give a visual map of, like,

632
00:31:44,940 --> 00:31:46,960
an airspace that was being taken up.

633
00:31:46,960 --> 00:31:53,090
So ,they filed basically a flight plan for
this drone and thenit appears on the map at

634
00:31:53,090 --> 00:31:59,150
the time, the altitude and it basically made
a four-dimensional square with the three dimensions

635
00:31:59,150 --> 00:32:00,560
and also time.

636
00:32:00,560 --> 00:32:04,670
And then that was allocated for that specific
drone.

637
00:32:04,670 --> 00:32:08,470
Jason: You didn't have to be the ultimate
drone flying experts.

638
00:32:08,470 --> 00:32:14,140
They actually have a system, there I am, inputting
for my barnacle search.

639
00:32:14,140 --> 00:32:20,210
They're actually using Google Earth to provide
the data and we build a KML file, so a standard

640
00:32:20,210 --> 00:32:24,870
Google Earth data file, with way points where
we wanted to fly the drones and that gets

641
00:32:24,870 --> 00:32:30,520
submitted to the Max system, which does a
little massaging to say "We're going to take

642
00:32:30,520 --> 00:32:31,520
off from here.

643
00:32:31,520 --> 00:32:33,710
We're going to fly at this altitude, around
this path.

644
00:32:33,710 --> 00:32:34,900
And then we're going to land again."

645
00:32:34,900 --> 00:32:36,580
and it reserves that space.

646
00:32:36,580 --> 00:32:43,290
You can see in Google Earth the virtual space
that's this shape that you're reserving temporarily

647
00:32:43,290 --> 00:32:44,680
for your drone flight.

648
00:32:44,680 --> 00:32:48,610
Host: Is it like you put in a request and
it says, "Well, not exactly that but here

649
00:32:48,610 --> 00:32:50,180
is a similar flight path?"

650
00:32:50,180 --> 00:32:55,100
Jason: It sounds like if you get rejected,
ideally you would have software on your end

651
00:32:55,100 --> 00:32:56,850
to say, "What about this instead?"

652
00:32:56,850 --> 00:32:58,160
That's one of the things that…

653
00:32:58,160 --> 00:33:02,980
This system, it's not a centralized system
so it's not going to say I'm assigning you

654
00:33:02,980 --> 00:33:06,600
this path, it more just goint to say "Somebody
is already flying in there."

655
00:33:06,600 --> 00:33:09,830
and your system would say, "OK, here is an
alternative."

656
00:33:09,830 --> 00:33:11,150
until you get one that works.

657
00:33:11,150 --> 00:33:12,250
Host: I see.

658
00:33:12,250 --> 00:33:13,250
Is that you, Casey.

659
00:33:13,250 --> 00:33:14,250
Casey: That is.

660
00:33:14,250 --> 00:33:20,150
I am making a route for the drone to overlook
a cruise ship.

661
00:33:20,150 --> 00:33:23,400
Host: A cruise ship?

662
00:33:23,400 --> 00:33:25,670
Did you hear the context of why?

663
00:33:25,670 --> 00:33:26,670
Casey: No.

664
00:33:26,670 --> 00:33:31,790
We kind of get to set up our own situation,
which is how the ridiculousness of the alligator

665
00:33:31,790 --> 00:33:32,790
attack came about.

666
00:33:32,790 --> 00:33:38,110
Jason: Maybe the cruise line is selling you
a Blu Ray of the cruise ship, with you standing

667
00:33:38,110 --> 00:33:41,850
out on the deck and they use a drone to do
that.

668
00:33:41,850 --> 00:33:43,470
There are lots of applications for drones.

669
00:33:43,470 --> 00:33:46,030
I mean, just all of the different things they
were talking about.

670
00:33:46,030 --> 00:33:50,680
In some of their tests, they've done things
like dropping a emergency survival kit into

671
00:33:50,680 --> 00:33:53,230
the desert in Nevada.

672
00:33:53,230 --> 00:33:54,940
That's an entirely plausible thing.

673
00:33:54,940 --> 00:33:59,750
You might be able to get to somebody before
night falls, but can send a drone out.

674
00:33:59,750 --> 00:34:04,550
Casey: That was one of the interest parts
of this whole simulation, is understanding

675
00:34:04,550 --> 00:34:10,069
that what NASA is doing is prescribing certain
types of standard operating procedures and

676
00:34:10,069 --> 00:34:16,059
policies and then once they prescribe that,
industry can take off with it and advance

677
00:34:16,059 --> 00:34:20,769
it in whatever ways they see fit for industry
and wherever technology leads us.

678
00:34:20,769 --> 00:34:28,090
James: They're kind of laying the ground work
for, essentially, a future that is autonomous.

679
00:34:28,090 --> 00:34:29,329
Host: We see that future coming.

680
00:34:29,329 --> 00:34:33,919
Someone has to do that early work to lay the
groundwork.

681
00:34:33,919 --> 00:34:34,919
Awesome.

682
00:34:34,919 --> 00:34:37,580
So, did you guys learn anything that surprised
you?

683
00:34:37,580 --> 00:34:39,929
Was all of this surprising for you, that NASA's
working on this?

684
00:34:39,929 --> 00:34:44,609
Or did you already have a sense that drones
were in our wheelhouse here?

685
00:34:44,609 --> 00:34:49,069
Jason: I was here a couple of years ago and
they were talking about this but it was more

686
00:34:49,069 --> 00:34:53,359
abstract, it was, obviously two years earlier
in the research.

687
00:34:53,359 --> 00:34:57,369
And it was - I think it sounds like they were
still kind of working through what some of

688
00:34:57,369 --> 00:34:58,369
the concepts would be.

689
00:34:58,369 --> 00:35:02,309
So it's very simple, almost like fill out
your flight plan and press a web form, press

690
00:35:02,309 --> 00:35:05,160
submit and get a yes or no back.

691
00:35:05,160 --> 00:35:07,710
And now obviously this is far more sophisticated.

692
00:35:07,710 --> 00:35:10,710
They have four levels of flight from the most
basic.

693
00:35:10,710 --> 00:35:17,410
Sort of like, very simple, not crowded air
space at all, all the way up to level 4 where

694
00:35:17,410 --> 00:35:19,430
you're flying through a major city.

695
00:35:19,430 --> 00:35:25,190
They've tested, I think, phases 1 and 2 and
they're moving on to 3 and then they will

696
00:35:25,190 --> 00:35:27,359
reach phase 4.

697
00:35:27,359 --> 00:35:32,039
From two years ago where I came, you can see
that they've really gotten a lot closer to

698
00:35:32,039 --> 00:35:34,010
what they're trying to get as their end goal.

699
00:35:34,010 --> 00:35:39,300
Host: That is awesome that you got to see
the before and after, two years apart.

700
00:35:39,300 --> 00:35:42,680
(Offscreen sounds of party horns blowing)

701
00:35:42,680 --> 00:35:44,369
Host: Perfect timing.

702
00:35:44,369 --> 00:35:46,210
Well, you know what that sounds means.

703
00:35:46,210 --> 00:35:50,170
That means it's time for you to make way for
Team Sleep.

704
00:35:50,170 --> 00:35:54,000
But thank you for being up here and we will
see you in a bit.

705
00:35:54,000 --> 00:35:55,000
(Whistles blow.

706
00:35:55,000 --> 00:35:56,000
Off-screen applause.)

707
00:35:56,000 --> 00:35:58,500
Host: Yay, Team Drone.

708
00:35:58,500 --> 00:36:04,000
While we wait for Team Sleep to join us, a
quick reminder you're watching NASA in Silicon

709
00:36:04,000 --> 00:36:08,819
Valley Live and we're talking about the NASA
social that too place here today with 12 visitors.

710
00:36:08,819 --> 00:36:09,819
(Whistles blow.

711
00:36:09,819 --> 00:36:10,819
Off-screen applause.)

712
00:36:10,819 --> 00:36:12,880
Host: Here comes three more.

713
00:36:12,880 --> 00:36:13,880
Team Sleep.

714
00:36:13,880 --> 00:36:14,880
Welcome.

715
00:36:14,880 --> 00:36:15,880
Brian: Thank you.

716
00:36:15,880 --> 00:36:16,930
Megan: Thank you.

717
00:36:16,930 --> 00:36:21,610
Host: So this is an exciting one that I'm
looking forward to hearing more about but

718
00:36:21,610 --> 00:36:23,329
let's, first of all, meet you guys.

719
00:36:23,329 --> 00:36:27,130
What are your names and tell me: Earth or
Mars?

720
00:36:27,130 --> 00:36:28,309
Vote: Earth or Mars?

721
00:36:28,309 --> 00:36:31,369
Brian: I'm Brian and definitely Mars.

722
00:36:31,369 --> 00:36:33,450
Host: You're abandoning Earth, just wholesale?

723
00:36:33,450 --> 00:36:36,509
Brian: Yeah, it's going to happen eventually,
so -

724
00:36:36,509 --> 00:36:37,509
Host: Interesting.

725
00:36:37,509 --> 00:36:40,769
Megan: And I am Megan and I will go ahead
vote for Earth.

726
00:36:40,769 --> 00:36:41,819
Host: Thank you.

727
00:36:41,819 --> 00:36:43,270
Somebody had to.

728
00:36:43,270 --> 00:36:46,109
It's balanced that way.

729
00:36:46,109 --> 00:36:50,549
So what on Earth are we talking about regarding
sleep?

730
00:36:50,549 --> 00:36:54,890
You guys went to the Fatigue Countermeasures
Lab, which basically means they're working

731
00:36:54,890 --> 00:36:58,770
on solutions to fight problems associated
with fatigue.

732
00:36:58,770 --> 00:37:01,970
When we can't think clearly and can't operate
smoothly, right?

733
00:37:01,970 --> 00:37:06,549
So we will roll again that little clip we
saw earlier.

734
00:37:06,549 --> 00:37:13,140
So the idea here is that an astronaut's ability
to remain focused is critical for mission

735
00:37:13,140 --> 00:37:14,940
success, that makes sense.

736
00:37:14,940 --> 00:37:20,099
And in this activity, participants can perform
tests to study the effects of sleep deprivation

737
00:37:20,099 --> 00:37:25,980
on the human body and then, I think, how you're
able to perform under those conditions, right?

738
00:37:25,980 --> 00:37:26,980
Brian: Yeah.

739
00:37:26,980 --> 00:37:30,650
Host: So, I don't know what that means you
guys got to do today, so tell us more.

740
00:37:30,650 --> 00:37:31,650
What happened?

741
00:37:31,650 --> 00:37:37,380
Brian: Well, we first started at the NASA
sleep countermeasures division and we kind

742
00:37:37,380 --> 00:37:40,590
of went to three substations within that.

743
00:37:40,590 --> 00:37:42,640
The first was a driving simulator.

744
00:37:42,640 --> 00:37:44,279
Host: We saw that in the video.

745
00:37:44,279 --> 00:37:48,339
Brian: And it's mostly meant for people who
are sleep deprived for 30 hours and then seeing

746
00:37:48,339 --> 00:37:53,259
what the effects of sleep deprivation would
be on the driving reaction times.

747
00:37:53,259 --> 00:37:56,039
Do you want to do the next one?

748
00:37:56,039 --> 00:38:02,599
Megan: The first one that I did was the room
that they keep the test subjects awake in

749
00:38:02,599 --> 00:38:04,299
for up to 30 hours, they said.

750
00:38:04,299 --> 00:38:05,359
Host: How do they keep them awake?

751
00:38:05,359 --> 00:38:07,670
Megan: So you're in a bed.

752
00:38:07,670 --> 00:38:10,700
You're not lying all the way down, you're
kind of reclined a little bit.

753
00:38:10,700 --> 00:38:14,349
And you're wearing one of those, they didn't
show it in the video but it's like a full

754
00:38:14,349 --> 00:38:17,210
cap with all the electrodes on it.

755
00:38:17,210 --> 00:38:20,079
You just recline there for 30 hours.

756
00:38:20,079 --> 00:38:21,550
They give you little sandwiches.

757
00:38:21,550 --> 00:38:24,579
Host: Is that someone wearing electrodes?

758
00:38:24,579 --> 00:38:25,920
Megan: Yes.

759
00:38:25,920 --> 00:38:28,099
That is the last member of Team sleep.

760
00:38:28,099 --> 00:38:29,390
Or Team No Sleep!

761
00:38:29,390 --> 00:38:31,660
Host: As it should be called.

762
00:38:31,660 --> 00:38:35,020
Megan: So you wear that little cap and lay
that in that bed for 30 hours.

763
00:38:35,020 --> 00:38:40,770
They keep you awake and feed you just enough
so you're at your basal metabolic rate.

764
00:38:40,770 --> 00:38:43,630
Host: Does that mean, are you hungry at that
level?

765
00:38:43,630 --> 00:38:45,789
Megan: Just barely enough to get by.

766
00:38:45,789 --> 00:38:51,789
And then, every so often, you go out and do
tests like the driving one that he mentioned.

767
00:38:51,789 --> 00:38:58,509
And in addition to the driving one, there
was also the high stakes claw machine they

768
00:38:58,509 --> 00:39:00,040
called it.

769
00:39:00,040 --> 00:39:06,480
Where you are attempting to grab the capsule
that is coming by the space station with food.

770
00:39:06,480 --> 00:39:08,700
Host: To resupply the space station, right?

771
00:39:08,700 --> 00:39:09,700
Megan: Yes.

772
00:39:09,700 --> 00:39:11,849
Which is difficult even when you're awake.

773
00:39:11,849 --> 00:39:15,779
Host: So sleep deprived, how did that go?

774
00:39:15,779 --> 00:39:16,779
Did you guys try that?

775
00:39:16,779 --> 00:39:17,779
Brian: We did.

776
00:39:17,779 --> 00:39:18,779
Yeah.

777
00:39:18,779 --> 00:39:19,779
Host: So tell us what that's like.

778
00:39:19,779 --> 00:39:20,779
How hard was it?

779
00:39:20,779 --> 00:39:21,779
Brian: It was pretty hard.

780
00:39:21,779 --> 00:39:28,670
You have this one knob on your left hand and
you have to use it to push in the arm towards

781
00:39:28,670 --> 00:39:30,180
the resupply capsule.

782
00:39:30,180 --> 00:39:34,920
You have to grab it but there's a very narrow
margin of error.

783
00:39:34,920 --> 00:39:41,702
Host: Is it like one of those things in the
mall or the supermarket where you have a claw

784
00:39:41,702 --> 00:39:43,839
to control to grab the teddy bear?

785
00:39:43,839 --> 00:39:45,109
Was it something like that?

786
00:39:45,109 --> 00:39:46,109
Megan: Yeah.

787
00:39:46,109 --> 00:39:47,109
Host: Okay.

788
00:39:47,109 --> 00:39:48,109
So, it's not easy.

789
00:39:48,109 --> 00:39:49,270
Brian: Definitely not easy.

790
00:39:49,270 --> 00:39:56,130
Host: Well, I understand that you two were
graded on your abilities and I am pleased

791
00:39:56,130 --> 00:39:58,520
to announce the winner is Megan.

792
00:39:58,520 --> 00:39:59,579
Megan: Yay!

793
00:39:59,579 --> 00:40:00,640
Brian: Nice!

794
00:40:00,640 --> 00:40:07,099
Host: You are the prize winner of controlling
the robot to resupply the space station.

795
00:40:07,099 --> 00:40:08,099
Thank you.

796
00:40:08,099 --> 00:40:11,900
Megan: I do have to say, though, they give
you a score out of 10 and the first attempt

797
00:40:11,900 --> 00:40:16,309
that I gave, I got a 0.6 out of 10.

798
00:40:16,309 --> 00:40:17,900
Host: Out of 10?

799
00:40:17,900 --> 00:40:18,900
Megan: Yes.

800
00:40:18,900 --> 00:40:21,420
But by the third time it was up to about 7.

801
00:40:21,420 --> 00:40:23,520
Host: Astronauts have training so that's OK.

802
00:40:23,520 --> 00:40:24,520
That's reasonable.

803
00:40:24,520 --> 00:40:28,690
Megan: I can imagine they'll get very good
at it after a while.

804
00:40:28,690 --> 00:40:35,119
Brian: One of the coolest things about that
is they said that's the exact simulation that

805
00:40:35,119 --> 00:40:37,660
the astronauts run for when they're training
on the Canadarm.

806
00:40:37,660 --> 00:40:40,000
Host: It's the same test that they give them?

807
00:40:40,000 --> 00:40:41,000
Awesome.

808
00:40:41,000 --> 00:40:42,000
How cool.

809
00:40:42,000 --> 00:40:45,509
Did you guys expect to be doing that when
you came to NASA?

810
00:40:45,509 --> 00:40:46,829
Brian: Definitely not.

811
00:40:46,829 --> 00:40:49,019
Host: (Laughing) Update your resume.

812
00:40:49,019 --> 00:40:50,779
Megan: Astronaut in training.

813
00:40:50,779 --> 00:40:54,210
Host: You have to work that in somehow.

814
00:40:54,210 --> 00:40:59,240
I have a comment from the chat here - 30 hours,
which was the sleep deprivation that volunteers

815
00:40:59,240 --> 00:41:00,240
undergo.

816
00:41:00,240 --> 00:41:01,240
30 hours?

817
00:41:01,240 --> 00:41:04,400
A basic gamer's weekend.

818
00:41:04,400 --> 00:41:09,069
I was in there recently and I saw they have
board games and books and things so they keep

819
00:41:09,069 --> 00:41:11,220
people entertained to keep them awake.

820
00:41:11,220 --> 00:41:16,249
Megan: It's a dim red lighting as well.

821
00:41:16,249 --> 00:41:20,400
You can't have it be bright with blue light
especially because that will keep you awake.

822
00:41:20,400 --> 00:41:22,400
Host: That sounds like torture to me.

823
00:41:22,400 --> 00:41:26,460
You're almost lying down in a dim room and
they won't fall asleep.

824
00:41:26,460 --> 00:41:28,720
Megan: I think the people sign up for it.

825
00:41:28,720 --> 00:41:30,450
They made that choice.

826
00:41:30,450 --> 00:41:35,460
Host: In the name of helping science, they
submit to that.

827
00:41:35,460 --> 00:41:39,049
So was this your first time here for you guys
or have you been to a NASA social before?

828
00:41:39,049 --> 00:41:41,940
Megan: I have not been to a NASA social before.

829
00:41:41,940 --> 00:41:42,940
Brian: Same.

830
00:41:42,940 --> 00:41:44,050
Host: Same for you?

831
00:41:44,050 --> 00:41:45,050
Brian: Yeah.

832
00:41:45,050 --> 00:41:47,259
Host: Did you find any surprises here today?

833
00:41:47,259 --> 00:41:53,589
Did you know that Ames works on all kinds
of things like drones and sleep studies and

834
00:41:53,589 --> 00:41:54,619
fruit flies?

835
00:41:54,619 --> 00:42:00,109
Brian: I didn't really have a full idea of
the scope of what Ames works on.

836
00:42:00,109 --> 00:42:04,829
It's really cool to see all the different
facets of what NASA is working on.

837
00:42:04,829 --> 00:42:05,829
Host: Awesome.

838
00:42:05,829 --> 00:42:12,619
Megan: For me, I am a PhD student in planetary
science, so my day in and day out is the science

839
00:42:12,619 --> 00:42:17,589
side of things and all the sleep experiments
are on the human side.

840
00:42:17,589 --> 00:42:21,390
Which was really interesting interesting to
see how broad of a scope is covered here.

841
00:42:21,390 --> 00:42:23,390
Host: And how it all comes together, right?

842
00:42:23,390 --> 00:42:27,730
Like how the sleep studies will help astronauts
who are going to go to Mars, which is what

843
00:42:27,730 --> 00:42:29,089
your studying potentially, right?

844
00:42:29,089 --> 00:42:30,089
Megan: Yeah.

845
00:42:30,089 --> 00:42:34,710
So everything comes together, which is really
neat.

846
00:42:34,710 --> 00:42:36,890
Host: I love seeing that here.

847
00:42:36,890 --> 00:42:37,890
Awesome.

848
00:42:37,890 --> 00:42:40,809
Were there any points you would like to add
about your sleep study experience?

849
00:42:40,809 --> 00:42:44,400
Megan: No, it did make me feel tired.

850
00:42:44,400 --> 00:42:46,150
Brian: Totally.

851
00:42:46,150 --> 00:42:50,170
Right after lunch, I was ready for a nap!

852
00:42:50,170 --> 00:42:51,329
Host: Awesome.

853
00:42:51,329 --> 00:42:52,690
Alright then.

854
00:42:52,690 --> 00:42:55,170
I will see you guys in a little bit.

855
00:42:55,170 --> 00:42:58,510
And I will invite up Team VMS.

856
00:42:58,510 --> 00:42:59,750
(Whistles blow.

857
00:42:59,750 --> 00:43:00,990
Off-screen applause.)

858
00:43:00,990 --> 00:43:03,480
Host: Thanks for coming.

859
00:43:03,480 --> 00:43:09,470
So while Team VMS joins us, a quick reminder
that you're watching NASA in Silicon Valley

860
00:43:09,470 --> 00:43:14,630
life and we're hearing from the participants
in today's NASA social.

861
00:43:14,630 --> 00:43:15,809
Yay!

862
00:43:15,809 --> 00:43:18,160
(Whistles blow)

863
00:43:18,160 --> 00:43:20,519
Host: Welcome!

864
00:43:20,519 --> 00:43:21,700
Hello.

865
00:43:21,700 --> 00:43:22,859
Welcome all.

866
00:43:22,859 --> 00:43:24,660
Team VMS.

867
00:43:24,660 --> 00:43:31,359
Can we go down the line, introduce yourselves
and tell me your favorite NASA memory.

868
00:43:31,359 --> 00:43:33,529
If you have one, a favorite moment from NASA.

869
00:43:33,529 --> 00:43:37,279
John: My name is John and I was four years
old when man landed on the moon.

870
00:43:37,279 --> 00:43:41,960
My father woke me up and said, "You must see
this."

871
00:43:41,960 --> 00:43:43,650
So it's etched.

872
00:43:43,650 --> 00:43:46,521
Host: I am glad you remember that.

873
00:43:46,521 --> 00:43:47,521
I'm glad that you remember that.

874
00:43:47,521 --> 00:43:49,529
John: It might be a false memory.

875
00:43:49,529 --> 00:43:50,529
(Laughter)

876
00:43:50,529 --> 00:43:51,529
Host: Even so.

877
00:43:51,529 --> 00:43:52,680
John: It might be all made up.

878
00:43:52,680 --> 00:43:54,529
I might have made that up.

879
00:43:54,529 --> 00:43:55,759
Host: It's OK.

880
00:43:55,759 --> 00:43:56,759
John: Still -

881
00:43:56,759 --> 00:43:59,019
Host: It's still a good one.

882
00:43:59,019 --> 00:44:03,049
Kane: My name is Kane and the moment that
stands out for me is the last space shuttle

883
00:44:03,049 --> 00:44:08,270
launch because it kind of heralded a new era
of new technologies and new systems to be

884
00:44:08,270 --> 00:44:09,800
developed here at Ames.

885
00:44:09,800 --> 00:44:10,800
Host: Awesome.

886
00:44:10,800 --> 00:44:11,800
Cool.

887
00:44:11,800 --> 00:44:12,800
Good one.

888
00:44:12,800 --> 00:44:16,279
Karen: My name is Karen and I have to say
the last shuttle launch too because I went

889
00:44:16,279 --> 00:44:20,630
to it at Cape Canaveral and it was really
surreal.

890
00:44:20,630 --> 00:44:28,490
I went for the NASA tweetup and I didn't expect
to be overwhelmed with emotions and cry when

891
00:44:28,490 --> 00:44:29,490
the shuttle launched.

892
00:44:29,490 --> 00:44:30,490
It was really beautiful.

893
00:44:30,490 --> 00:44:31,490
Host: Wow.

894
00:44:31,490 --> 00:44:32,920
What an awesome memory.

895
00:44:32,920 --> 00:44:35,780
And I heard a gasp from the studio audience.

896
00:44:35,780 --> 00:44:37,579
Someone out there is impressed.

897
00:44:37,579 --> 00:44:42,589
I just want to check with Eric in the audio
studio, can you hear everybody OK because

898
00:44:42,589 --> 00:44:45,319
we're not as close to the table as we were?

899
00:44:45,319 --> 00:44:46,319
Thank you.

900
00:44:46,319 --> 00:44:47,319
Eric: I can hear you.

901
00:44:47,319 --> 00:44:49,249
The closer the better, though.

902
00:44:49,249 --> 00:44:50,440
Host: All right.

903
00:44:50,440 --> 00:44:51,440
We're good now.

904
00:44:51,440 --> 00:44:56,799
OK, so you guys went to the VMS, which stands
for the Vertical Motion Simulator, which sounds

905
00:44:56,799 --> 00:44:57,799
pretty awesome.

906
00:44:57,799 --> 00:44:59,280
I have never seen it in action.

907
00:44:59,280 --> 00:45:03,579
So we're going to roll that footage again.

908
00:45:03,579 --> 00:45:07,789
This is a facility here at NASA in Silicon
Valley, which is the nation's largest flight

909
00:45:07,789 --> 00:45:08,789
simulator.

910
00:45:08,789 --> 00:45:14,220
And in this activity our guests learned to
pilot a UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter because

911
00:45:14,220 --> 00:45:21,460
the facility can be outfitted to represent
any kind of space craft that needs testing.

912
00:45:21,460 --> 00:45:22,980
They practice flying the shuttle in there.

913
00:45:22,980 --> 00:45:24,799
They can set it up to be the lunar lander.

914
00:45:24,799 --> 00:45:29,359
So you guys worked with helicopters today.

915
00:45:29,359 --> 00:45:30,359
Tell us about that.

916
00:45:30,359 --> 00:45:31,359
What's that like?

917
00:45:31,359 --> 00:45:33,880
Kane: We went in basically zero preparation.

918
00:45:33,880 --> 00:45:36,210
So there were a lot of simulated crashes.

919
00:45:36,210 --> 00:45:38,630
Karen: Mostly by me -

920
00:45:38,630 --> 00:45:41,070
Host: (Laughing) That's bound to happen.

921
00:45:41,070 --> 00:45:44,750
Kane: But watching the professionals go after
was really humbling.

922
00:45:44,750 --> 00:45:46,660
The sophistication of it.

923
00:45:46,660 --> 00:45:52,829
Host: So that makes me think it's very realistic,
if there can be that difference in skill level,

924
00:45:52,829 --> 00:45:53,829
right?

925
00:45:53,829 --> 00:45:57,049
Kane: I don't have a bench mark but I am taking
your word for it.

926
00:45:57,049 --> 00:45:58,309
John: It feels like flying.

927
00:45:58,309 --> 00:46:01,029
It feels like you are actually in the air.

928
00:46:01,029 --> 00:46:02,470
Host: Oh, really?

929
00:46:02,470 --> 00:46:03,470
John: Yeah.

930
00:46:03,470 --> 00:46:11,140
And the vibrations, the motion, the sound
and your head is in the game.

931
00:46:11,140 --> 00:46:16,180
You're like, OK, I'm rotating, I'm forward
on this, whichever motion it is.

932
00:46:16,180 --> 00:46:22,670
Host: So you're standing in this cab kind
of thing, a box thing, but you feel you're

933
00:46:22,670 --> 00:46:23,710
in a helicopter flying.

934
00:46:23,710 --> 00:46:24,710
John: Yes.

935
00:46:24,710 --> 00:46:25,710
Host: That is so amazing.

936
00:46:25,710 --> 00:46:26,900
John: It could be anything.

937
00:46:26,900 --> 00:46:34,640
And the thing with this particular machine
is it could be a lander, it could be a jet,

938
00:46:34,640 --> 00:46:37,140
it could be whatever it needs to be.

939
00:46:37,140 --> 00:46:44,660
And flight tests, when it's real is expensive
and dangerous, so this takes that danger and

940
00:46:44,660 --> 00:46:47,190
expense out of it and if it needs to be reset
-

941
00:46:47,190 --> 00:46:48,190
Host: Boop!

942
00:46:48,190 --> 00:46:49,190
It's reset.

943
00:46:49,190 --> 00:46:52,249
It's like you were saying, beginners were
crashing left and right and we can't do that

944
00:46:52,249 --> 00:46:55,230
with real people and real helicopters.

945
00:46:55,230 --> 00:47:00,640
Karen: The thing that I found most fascinating
is how customizable all the different cockpits

946
00:47:00,640 --> 00:47:03,710
could be, depending on what project they wanted
to research.

947
00:47:03,710 --> 00:47:09,869
And how they would test them out in a fixed
spaced and take that to the Vertical Motion

948
00:47:09,869 --> 00:47:12,289
Simulator and that was really awesome to watch.

949
00:47:12,289 --> 00:47:17,839
John: The VMS is not just a box flying up
and down, it's a whole building.

950
00:47:17,839 --> 00:47:23,380
There's a laboratory where they can configure
these cockpits.

951
00:47:23,380 --> 00:47:32,890
There's a whole, I would say, lockers full
of things, instruments, controllers geared

952
00:47:32,890 --> 00:47:38,539
to make these - to make whatever thing that
we need to simulate, right there.

953
00:47:38,539 --> 00:47:43,150
So, you know, it's just - it's the whole facility.

954
00:47:43,150 --> 00:47:44,869
It's not just the up-down.

955
00:47:44,869 --> 00:47:46,070
Host: Yeah.

956
00:47:46,070 --> 00:47:49,579
The before, during and after research side
of it.

957
00:47:49,579 --> 00:47:50,579
I think.

958
00:47:50,579 --> 00:47:52,450
What did you feel flying it?

959
00:47:52,450 --> 00:47:53,450
Did it feel real?

960
00:47:53,450 --> 00:47:59,309
Karen: Actually, it felt more disorienting
than being - because when we did the simulation

961
00:47:59,309 --> 00:48:04,279
at first, there wasn't motion for us when
we were actually flying it but then afterwards

962
00:48:04,279 --> 00:48:08,670
when they turned on the motion, it actually
felt better for me.

963
00:48:08,670 --> 00:48:14,050
I get slight motion sickness and I felt more
motion sickness just not moving but seeing

964
00:48:14,050 --> 00:48:19,160
the screen move which was really interesting
to me.

965
00:48:19,160 --> 00:48:23,220
Like John was saying, every little vibration
and movement felt really real.

966
00:48:23,220 --> 00:48:24,220
And it was really fun.

967
00:48:24,220 --> 00:48:29,799
Host: I have never tried the VMS but I was
in the 747 flight simulator that we have here.

968
00:48:29,799 --> 00:48:33,829
And I can say they did not put on the motion
and we were convinced we were moving, just

969
00:48:33,829 --> 00:48:34,829
from the visuals.

970
00:48:34,829 --> 00:48:38,880
They were that realistic and your brain plays
tricks on you.

971
00:48:38,880 --> 00:48:40,210
Interesting.

972
00:48:40,210 --> 00:48:44,040
Did you guys know that NASA did this kind
of thing or that that kind of facility existed?

973
00:48:44,040 --> 00:48:47,789
Kane: I didn't realize how mechanical it would
be.

974
00:48:47,789 --> 00:48:54,009
They had these great archival photographs
in the hallway leading up to it and one of

975
00:48:54,009 --> 00:48:59,089
the really cool ones was, in the old days,
they literally built model cities and ports

976
00:48:59,089 --> 00:49:04,119
and so the pilot in the simulator was looking
at this giant model through a view port and

977
00:49:04,119 --> 00:49:05,369
now it's all computers.

978
00:49:05,369 --> 00:49:09,410
Host: So the visuals were an actual model
of wood or something.

979
00:49:09,410 --> 00:49:13,760
Kane: Yeah, and they said the simulator pilots
could crash the cameras into the models and

980
00:49:13,760 --> 00:49:15,279
they would have to rebuild the models.

981
00:49:15,279 --> 00:49:16,680
Host: Wow.

982
00:49:16,680 --> 00:49:20,849
The early days of flight simulation.

983
00:49:20,849 --> 00:49:24,150
Do we have some visuals that we can share
with from this experience?

984
00:49:24,150 --> 00:49:26,319
I think we have some posts.

985
00:49:26,319 --> 00:49:27,319
Nice.

986
00:49:27,319 --> 00:49:28,319
Was this -

987
00:49:28,319 --> 00:49:33,960
John: So that is the cab - that is - that
module can be replaced with different configurations.

988
00:49:33,960 --> 00:49:39,480
So that can be a helicopter, or a spacecraft
or an airplane.

989
00:49:39,480 --> 00:49:44,670
While they all look the same inside, it will
be specific to the task.

990
00:49:44,670 --> 00:49:45,910
Whatever needs to be tested.

991
00:49:45,910 --> 00:49:48,819
Host: I think I remember, they change out
the cockpit, right?

992
00:49:48,819 --> 00:49:52,310
So it will be different seats for whichever
craft they're testing, right?

993
00:49:52,310 --> 00:49:57,930
John: So according to the tour, it takes about
four hours to flip one thing to another and

994
00:49:57,930 --> 00:50:04,039
then about twice as long to make sure that
it's functioning correctly with the systems

995
00:50:04,039 --> 00:50:05,690
that are gathering the data.

996
00:50:05,690 --> 00:50:06,890
Host: Cool.

997
00:50:06,890 --> 00:50:10,609
John: So this is the room itself.

998
00:50:10,609 --> 00:50:12,480
You can see it's quite tall.

999
00:50:12,480 --> 00:50:18,700
Six stories tall and, basically, it doesn't
need to be bigger than this, although it could

1000
00:50:18,700 --> 00:50:19,700
be.

1001
00:50:19,700 --> 00:50:25,279
You get the motion you need to from this - from
this much space.

1002
00:50:25,279 --> 00:50:30,499
Keep in mind that we're testing normal flight
conditions, not adverse flight conditions.

1003
00:50:30,499 --> 00:50:34,430
So you don't need to be inverted and you don't
need to be able to do major drops.

1004
00:50:34,430 --> 00:50:35,430
Host: Oh, okay.

1005
00:50:35,430 --> 00:50:36,770
It doesn't need to flip you upside down?

1006
00:50:36,770 --> 00:50:38,109
Testing rolls or something?

1007
00:50:38,109 --> 00:50:45,290
John: So, this is me trying to not crash the
helicopter and actually, at first, I overcontrolled

1008
00:50:45,290 --> 00:50:51,250
because I wasn't familiar with it and then
it just feels like another aircraft.

1009
00:50:51,250 --> 00:50:52,329
Host: OK.

1010
00:50:52,329 --> 00:50:53,380
Do you have some flying experience?

1011
00:50:53,380 --> 00:50:54,989
John: I have 200 hours of flight.

1012
00:50:54,989 --> 00:50:57,710
So gliders, twin engine, single engine.

1013
00:50:57,710 --> 00:50:59,029
Host: And it felt like that to you?

1014
00:50:59,029 --> 00:51:00,029
John: Yeah.

1015
00:51:00,029 --> 00:51:04,650
I felt like it was a real aeroplane or in
this case a helicopter or heck-a-copter because

1016
00:51:04,650 --> 00:51:05,650
we're not allowed to swear!

1017
00:51:05,650 --> 00:51:06,650
Host: Yes.

1018
00:51:06,650 --> 00:51:07,789
Would you please watch your language?

1019
00:51:07,789 --> 00:51:08,789
John: Okay.

1020
00:51:08,789 --> 00:51:09,789
I did.

1021
00:51:09,789 --> 00:51:10,789
(Laughter)

1022
00:51:10,789 --> 00:51:13,269
Host: Do either of you have flight experience?

1023
00:51:13,269 --> 00:51:14,269
I don't.

1024
00:51:14,269 --> 00:51:17,330
When I tried the 747 I just didn't know what
to do.

1025
00:51:17,330 --> 00:51:19,839
John: 747's are complicated.

1026
00:51:19,839 --> 00:51:25,520
Kane: I was in a small plane, where my friend
was the pilot and he was deathly allergic

1027
00:51:25,520 --> 00:51:27,710
to bees and there was a bee in the cockpit.

1028
00:51:27,710 --> 00:51:32,720
So he gave us emergency instructions, just
in case he got stung.

1029
00:51:32,720 --> 00:51:37,299
And that was a very stressful flight, but
he landed it and there was no problems.

1030
00:51:37,299 --> 00:51:38,299
Host: Wow!

1031
00:51:38,299 --> 00:51:39,299
That's quite a story.

1032
00:51:39,299 --> 00:51:40,299
John: Flying with a bee.

1033
00:51:40,299 --> 00:51:41,829
I don't have a bee story.

1034
00:51:41,829 --> 00:51:43,140
Host: A bee story.

1035
00:51:43,140 --> 00:51:45,109
That would be hard to top.

1036
00:51:45,109 --> 00:51:48,890
I have a couple of comments from the chat
here – Oh, UH-60.

1037
00:51:48,890 --> 00:51:49,890
That's awesome.

1038
00:51:49,890 --> 00:51:51,079
I used to work on them.

1039
00:51:51,079 --> 00:51:53,059
So that's cool.

1040
00:51:53,059 --> 00:51:57,619
John: So he would be right at home in the
way it felt and moved.

1041
00:51:57,619 --> 00:51:59,480
Host: That's fascinating.

1042
00:51:59,480 --> 00:52:05,480
Did you learn this fact today - the person
is asking what is the maximum or minimum G-force

1043
00:52:05,480 --> 00:52:07,019
you can experience in the VMS?

1044
00:52:07,019 --> 00:52:08,570
Did they tell you that?

1045
00:52:08,570 --> 00:52:10,829
John: I don't know.

1046
00:52:10,829 --> 00:52:14,290
I think it's more about the motion you will
feel rather than the Gs.

1047
00:52:14,290 --> 00:52:19,880
Kane: I think the specific unit we were in
was optimised so it can independently control

1048
00:52:19,880 --> 00:52:21,680
all six axes.

1049
00:52:21,680 --> 00:52:23,789
Host: Six degrees of motion, right?

1050
00:52:23,789 --> 00:52:28,690
Kane: They were more excited about the fact
it could do all the axes independently for

1051
00:52:28,690 --> 00:52:29,690
that one.

1052
00:52:29,690 --> 00:52:31,920
So I'm not sure about the specific G force
is.

1053
00:52:31,920 --> 00:52:34,839
Host: Does it feel smooth when it's moving
around like that?

1054
00:52:34,839 --> 00:52:38,130
We can see the tracks in that photo, going
up six stories.

1055
00:52:38,130 --> 00:52:42,650
Karen: Honestly, when you're in there, it
feels so smooth.

1056
00:52:42,650 --> 00:52:47,030
When you step outside and watch it move, it
doesn't feel like it's moving that much.

1057
00:52:47,030 --> 00:52:48,030
I was actually surprised.

1058
00:52:48,030 --> 00:52:49,259
It was like "Oh, wow!"

1059
00:52:49,259 --> 00:52:50,849
It just, like, zips around.

1060
00:52:50,849 --> 00:52:52,240
But it doesn't feel like that.

1061
00:52:52,240 --> 00:52:55,880
It just feels like you would in like a plane.

1062
00:52:55,880 --> 00:52:56,950
Host: Awesome.

1063
00:52:56,950 --> 00:52:59,079
I'm amazed by how realistic these things are.

1064
00:52:59,079 --> 00:53:04,739
People actually train on these and learn to
fly in that little building down the road,

1065
00:53:04,739 --> 00:53:06,140
you know.

1066
00:53:06,140 --> 00:53:07,140
Awesome.

1067
00:53:07,140 --> 00:53:08,760
Tell me what else surprised you?

1068
00:53:08,760 --> 00:53:13,480
Were there any highlights you would like to
share before we move on from the VMS?

1069
00:53:13,480 --> 00:53:18,750
Karen: I feel like all of us are really intrigued
by all the old grips and gauges that were

1070
00:53:18,750 --> 00:53:25,829
in the - they showed so much of old parts
from previous cockpits and it was like stepping

1071
00:53:25,829 --> 00:53:28,329
into a time capsule and seeing all the different
things.

1072
00:53:28,329 --> 00:53:30,030
Host: What kind of cockpits were those from?

1073
00:53:30,030 --> 00:53:32,369
Like from the Apollo era?

1074
00:53:32,369 --> 00:53:34,329
Just really old stuff?

1075
00:53:34,329 --> 00:53:37,450
Kane: …having it full of different joysticks
from different eras.

1076
00:53:37,450 --> 00:53:39,180
Host: I see.

1077
00:53:39,180 --> 00:53:45,900
Kane: The interesting thing was the old lander
simulator was being refit as a Coast Guard

1078
00:53:45,900 --> 00:53:50,369
simulator, so they showed us the process of
changing the cockpit around.

1079
00:53:50,369 --> 00:53:51,480
Host: Cool.

1080
00:53:51,480 --> 00:53:56,400
And that tells us that they do all kinds of
tests in there, it's not just helicopters

1081
00:53:56,400 --> 00:53:57,500
and spacecraft landing.

1082
00:53:57,500 --> 00:53:59,210
John: Infinitely reconfigurable.

1083
00:53:59,210 --> 00:54:01,599
Host: That's so cool.

1084
00:54:01,599 --> 00:54:03,270
And are you guys gamers?

1085
00:54:03,270 --> 00:54:06,119
Because I wanted to ask - does it feel like
a video game?

1086
00:54:06,119 --> 00:54:08,330
John: Flying feels like a video game.

1087
00:54:08,330 --> 00:54:09,330
Host: Just in general?

1088
00:54:09,330 --> 00:54:13,049
John: Just in general, because there are systems
you have to learn, just like a video game.

1089
00:54:13,049 --> 00:54:17,780
Once you know this, this, this, you're that
much better at doing it.

1090
00:54:17,780 --> 00:54:22,880
So when you play Cessna 152, there's those
similar systems.

1091
00:54:22,880 --> 00:54:23,880
Host: OK.

1092
00:54:23,880 --> 00:54:24,880
That's a good answer.

1093
00:54:24,880 --> 00:54:26,150
(Offscreen sounds of party horns blowing)

1094
00:54:26,150 --> 00:54:27,150
Host: Oh oh.

1095
00:54:27,150 --> 00:54:28,150
It's almost time.

1096
00:54:28,150 --> 00:54:31,080
One more question I am going to ask you this
question because of what you told us - did

1097
00:54:31,080 --> 00:54:32,450
they give you air sickness bags?

1098
00:54:32,450 --> 00:54:33,580
Karen: They did have them.

1099
00:54:33,580 --> 00:54:34,580
Host: They did?!?

1100
00:54:34,580 --> 00:54:37,359
Karen: I didn't need them but they did have
them there for us.

1101
00:54:37,359 --> 00:54:39,880
Host: So that tells us somebody must need
them.

1102
00:54:39,880 --> 00:54:45,770
Kane: They told us to try to puke on the walkway
because it's very expensive to puke inside.

1103
00:54:45,770 --> 00:54:50,579
Host: You actually got instructions on where
to puke on your visit to NASA!

1104
00:54:50,579 --> 00:54:51,579
Outstanding.

1105
00:54:51,579 --> 00:54:54,869
Well, it's almost time to say goodbye.

1106
00:54:54,869 --> 00:54:59,640
So you guys stay right here because I'm going
to invite everybody else to come back out

1107
00:54:59,640 --> 00:55:00,700
and say goodbye.

1108
00:55:00,700 --> 00:55:03,839
(Whistles blow and people cheering)

1109
00:55:03,839 --> 00:55:09,799
Host: Come on back Team Sleep, Team Drone,
Team Fruit Fly.

1110
00:55:09,799 --> 00:55:13,739
We want to thank you for joining us today.

1111
00:55:13,739 --> 00:55:16,249
It was so awesome having you and it sounds
like you learned a lot.

1112
00:55:16,249 --> 00:55:21,319
So, thank you for your participation and then
thank you for everybody watching.

1113
00:55:21,319 --> 00:55:25,180
We'll be back in the future, so we will see
you next time.

1114
00:55:25,180 --> 00:55:27,500
So everybody say goodbye.

1115
00:55:27,500 --> 00:55:30,700
Crowd: See you later.

1116
00:55:30,700 --> 00:55:31,760
Yay!